What is Layer 0 in Blockchain?

Layer 0 protocols are primarily the infrastructure on which Layer 1 blockchains can be built. As a foundational layer for blockchain networks and applications, Layer 0 protocols are among the many solutions aimed at addressing industry challenges such as scalability and interoperability.
The blockchain ecosystem can be classified into the following levels:
Layer 0: Base infrastructure on which multiple Layer 1 blockchains can be built.
Level 1: The main blockchains used by developers to create applications, such as decentralized applications (DApps).
Level 2: Scaling solutions that handle activity off-chain from Layer 1 blockchains to ease their transactional burdens.
Layer 3: Blockchain-main level of applications, including games, wallets, and other DApps.
What problems can Layer 0 solve?
> Interaction
Interoperability refers to the ability of blockchain networks to interact with each other. This property allows for a more tightly woven network of blockchain-based products and services, thereby providing a better user experience.
> Scalability
Monolithic blockchain, such as Ethereum, is often overloaded because a single Layer 1 protocol provides all critical functions, such as transaction execution, consensus, and data availability. This creates a scalability bottleneck that Layer 0 can eliminate by delegating these critical functions to different blockchains.
Developer flexibility
To incentivize developers to build on them, Layer 0 protocols often provide easy-to-use software development kits (SDKs) and a seamless interface to enable easy launching of custom blockchains tailored to specific purposes.