November threw a curveball at Peru's growth story. The economy expanded well below expectations, dragged down by a significant fall-off in copper production.

Here's why this matters beyond just GDP figures: copper isn't just a commodity—it's critical infrastructure for large-scale mining operations and semiconductor production that powers blockchain networks. When major copper exporters like Peru face output headwinds, it ripples through operational costs.

The slowdown signals broader supply chain pressures. Mining expenses could tick higher if copper supply remains constrained, which ultimately affects the economics of proof-of-work networks and hardware manufacturers serving the crypto ecosystem.

Keep an eye on commodity cycles. They're not just macroeconomic trivia—they directly influence the cost structure of Web3 infrastructure.