Vitalik: The combination of ZK-EVM and PeerDAS will propel Ethereum into a new decentralized network paradigm

Odaily Planet Daily reports that Vitalik Buterin stated that the current ZK-EVM has entered the alpha stage, with production-level performance, and the remaining work mainly focuses on security; meanwhile, PeerDAS has officially launched on the Ethereum mainnet. Vitalik pointed out that this is not a gradual optimization but a transformation of Ethereum into a new type of P2P network that combines decentralization, consensus mechanisms, and high bandwidth. He reviewed that BitTorrent has high bandwidth but no consensus, while Bitcoin has consensus but bandwidth is limited due to full replication; after introducing PeerDAS (Data Availability Sampling) and ZK-EVM, Ethereum is expected to achieve decentralization, consensus, and high throughput simultaneously. The three-way dilemma has been solved through “real code running on the mainnet.” Among them, PeerDAS is already running on the mainnet, and ZK-EVM has reached production-level performance. Vitalik predicts that starting in 2026, with the promotion of mechanisms like BAL and ePBS, the Gas limit will gradually increase, and there will be practical opportunities to run ZK-EVM nodes; between 2026 and 2028, Gas re-pricing, state structure adjustments, and execution load entering blobs will occur; by 2027–2030, ZK-EVM is expected to become the main method for verifying network blocks, further promoting the increase of Gas limits. Additionally, he mentioned the importance of distributed block construction, with the long-term goal of avoiding complete block construction at any single location, and dispersing block construction authority through on-protocol or off-protocol methods to reduce centralization risks and improve regional fairness.